A Lewis structure is graphical representation of how valence electron(e-) is distributed around an element or an atom. It shows the arrangement of electron around individual atoms in a molecules or in an element.
The “dots” represent electrons that being paired with other elements or atom. While, the single, double, triple covalent bond shows the bonding electrons, i.e. electrons that combine with other atoms to either make an octet configuration or not, i.e. satisfied atom or elements. Hence, for an atom to have an octet configuration it must have a valence state of 8, i.e. the combining power of such element must be equal to 8.
Why do we need to know how to draw Lewis structures?
Though many chemistry student are scared when it comes to drawing structure generally. But to me it’s not a big deal. The main logic or idea on about drawing Lewis structures is to keep practicing, i.e. the more you learn the more you are good at it. So let take a look at this few reason why you and I need to learn how to draw a Lewis structures. Let list the reason as follows:
- 1. Geometry of molecules: when it comes to geometry. I can say for sure that it is a part of chemistry that all chemistry student must fall in love with. Because it clearly show the shape or structure of a molecule. Hence, I will also say that a mathematic student will be able to identify a triangle easily. Due to the fact, that he/she has been thought in school right? Similarly to the shape of molecules.
- 2. Polarity of molecules: you can easily determine whether a molecule is a polar or non-polar molecule. By vividly looking at terminal atom, and central atom, looking at the number of lone pair to determine polarity. Read more on polarity.
- 3. Bond: drawing Lewis structures can also help us to know or predict the type of bond in a molecule. It can be a single, double, triple covalent bond.
Here are some basic Lewis diagram
Basic Lewis structures can be classified into the following categories. So therefore, chemistry student can easily understand the basis of drawing. It’s therefore advice that you learn them one after the other before jumping into another stage.
1. Structure of elements: to draw the structure of any element two things must be consider. Symbol of the element; its valence electron. For example, hydrogen, oxygen, fluorine, and many more.
2. Diatomic molecules: this type of molecule like to form two bond, i.e. a double covalent bond. For examples, Cl2, H2.
3. Two element forming a compound: this are compounds like H2O, SO2, CO2 and many more.
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